Wednesday, 2 March 2022

Can A Masbooq become an Imaam?

 

Question:  A man entered the mosque after the Imaam and the worshippers have terminated the prayer, but he found a masbooq (latecomer or one who joins congregational prayer late) completing his prayer. So, he stood by his side so as to make the masbooq his Imaam in order to attain the reward of congregational prayer. Is this permissible for him or a masbooq cannot be an Imaam? Is the Salaah that this man offered along with the masbooq valid?

Response: If a person enters the mosque and the people have prayed, and he finds a masbooq praying; it is legislated for him to pray along with him, and he should stand by the right side of the masbooq for the sake of the virtue of congregational prayer; and the masbooq should intend to be the Imaam. There is no harm in this according to the most authoritative view among the scholars.

Similarly, if he finds a person praying alone after the Imaam had terminated the prayer, it is legislated for him to pray along with him, and he should stand by his right side in order to attain the merit of congregational prayer. Then if the masbooq terminates his prayer or the individual praying alone, the one who entered and joined the prayer should get up and complete what is upon him, due to the generality of proofs indicating the merit of congregational prayer, and due to what has been established from the Prophet (sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) that he saw a man who entered the mosque after the prayer has ended and said: “Is there any man who may do good with this (man) and pray along with him.” Recorded by Ahmad and Abu Daawood

Source: Majmoo’ Fataawaa wa Maqaalaat ash-Shaykh Ibn Baaz (12/148). Transl. by Abdus-Samee Abdus-Salaam.

Monday, 14 February 2022

The Amazing Story of a Patient Scholar

 

Aboo Ibraaheem narrated: Once I was walking in the desert and missed the road; so, I stopped by an old tent and I looked into it; behold, I saw a man sitting with all calmness on the ground. His hands were amputated; he was blind and there was none of his family members with him. I saw him murmuring some words. I moved closer to him, behold, he was repeating the following: ‘All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over many of His creatures. All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over many of His creatures.’ So, I was amazed at his speech and began looking at his condition: most of his senses have gone; his two hands were amputated, he was blind in both eyes; and he could not do anything for himself. I looked around him, searching for a child serving him or a wife comforting him but I did not see anyone.

When I advanced towards him, he sensed my movement and asked: ‘Who is that?’ ‘Who is that?’ I said, ‘As-Salaam alaykum. I am a man who has missed the way and stopped by your tent. And who are you too? Why are you residing alone in this place? Where is your family, your son, your relatives?’ He replied, ‘I am a sick person; people have abandoned me and most of my family members are dead.’ I said: “But I heard you repeating the expression: All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over many of His creatures? How has He favoured you; you are blind, poor, without hands and lonely.’ He said: ‘I will tell you about that, but I will request for a need from you. Will you fulfil it for me?’ I said, ‘Respond to me, I will fulfil your need – Allaah willing.’

Then he said: ‘You are seeing that Allaah has afflicted me with various types of calamities; however, all praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over many of His creatures. Did Allaah not give me intellect? I comprehend with it, act with it and contemplate with it’ I said, ‘Yes.’ He said, ‘How many lunatics can be found among the people?’ I said, ‘Many.’ He said: ‘All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over those people in many ways. Has Allaah not given me the sense of hearing? I hear with it the call to prayer, understand speech and know what goes around me?’ I replied in the affirmative. He said, ‘How many are the deaf, who cannot hear, can be found among the people?’

I said, ‘Many.’ He said, ‘All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over those people in many ways. Did Allaah not give me the tongue? I remember my Lord with it and use it to explain my needs (to Him).’ I said, ‘Yes.’ I replied. He said: ‚How many dumb people who cannot speak can be found? I said, ‘Many’. Then he said, ‚All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over those people in many ways. Has Allaah not made me a Muslim; I worship my Lord, have hope of my reward with Him and exercise patience over my calamity?’ I said, ‘Yes’.

Then he said, ‘How many among people can be found who are idol worshippers while they are sick; they have lost the worldly life and the hereafter?’ I said, ‘Many’. He said, ‘All praise is due to Allaah who has favoured me exceedingly over those people in many ways.’ The old man continued to count the favours of Allaah upon him while I was more amazed by the power of his faith, the strength of his certainty and his pleasure with what Allaah has given him. How many among the sick, apart from him, who were not afflicted with a quarter of the calamity he is afflicted with, among those who were crippled by ailment or lost their hearing or sight or lost some parts of their limbs; and would be considered healthier if they were to be compared with this old man. Yet, they are restless, full of complaints, groaning and weeping. In fact, it is due to the weakness of their patience, paucity of certainty that they will be rewarded in such an extent that if it were distributed to the rest of the Muslims, it will suffice them.

I was carried far away by my contemplation; and nothing interrupted it except the speech of the old man when he said: ‘Oof! Should I mention my need?’ Will you fulfil it?’ I said, ‘Yes Allaah willing; what is your need?’ He lowered his head for a while then lifted it while tears rolled down his cheek. He said: ‘No one is left with me among my family members except a young boy of mine. He is fourteen years old. He is the one who feeds me, gives me water to drink, performs ablution for me and takes charge of all my affairs. He left in the morning seeking for food for me and he has not returned up till now. I do not know whether he is a living person that should be hoped for, or a dead person that should be forgotten. And as you can see, I am an old and blind man; I cannot search for him (myself).’ Then I asked him about the description of the boy and he told me.

So I promised him good. Then I left him without knowing how to search for the boy and to which direction I should go. While I was working, looking for someone among the people to ask about him, behold, my sight turned to a small mountain close to the old man’s tent; upon it was a flock of chough that had gathered around something. Then it occurred to me that they would not gather except around carcass or some scattered food. I went up the mountain and proceeded towards those birds, so they dispersed. When I looked at the spot where they had gathered, I saw a dead little boy in shreds; it was as if he was attacked by a wolf and it ate him and left the rest for the birds. I did not grieve over the boy compared to the way I grieved for the old man.

I came down from the mountain dragging my step while I was between sorrow and confusion. Should I go away and leave the old man to face his destiny alone, or I should go back to him and inform him about his son? ‛ I pondered. I proceeded towards the old man’s tent and started to hear his Tasbeeh (saying: Subhaanallaah) and Tahleel (saying: laa ilaaha illa Allaah). I became more confused. I wondered what I will say, and with what should I start? Then the story of Allaah’s Prophet, Ayyoob – peace be upon him - came to my mind. So I entered upon the old man and found him dejected the way I left him. I said the greeting of salaam to him. The poor man was eager to see his son; and he welcomed me saying: ‘Where is the boy?’ I said to him, ‘respond to me first: Between you and Ayyoob – peace be upon him -, who is the dearest to Allaah?’ He said, ‘Indeed, Ayyoob is the dearest to Allaah.’

I asked, ‘Which of you both was greatly afflicted with calamity; was it you or Ayyoob – peace be upon him?” He replied: ‘Ayyoob – peace be upon him.’ Then I said: ‚Therefore, hope for reward for your son with Allaah, as I met him dead on the top of the mountain. Wolfs had raced towards his carcass and had eaten him. Then the old man sobbed uncontrollably and began to repeat the expression: ‘Laa ilaaha illa Allaah’ while I was appeasing him and asking him to be patient. Later on, his sobbing became worse till I started prompting him to say the testimony of faith. Thereafter, he died before me. I covered him with a blanket that was under him. Then I went out searching for someone to assist me in preparing him for burial. I saw three men on their riding animals; it was as if they were travellers. I called on them and they advanced towards me. I said to them: ‘Here is a man among the Muslims who has died and he has no one to take care of him; could you assist in washing him, shrouding him and burying him?’ They agreed. So they entered into the tent and moved towards him in order to carry him.

When they uncovered his face, they all screamed: ‘Aboo Qilaabah, Aboo Qilaabah.’ Aboo Qilaabah was one of their scholars. Time rotated its heel around him, and was overwhelmed with calamity so much so that he retired from people to an old tent. Then we performed our obligation and buried him, and I followed them to the city. When I slept that night, I saw Aboo Qilaabah (in my dream) in a good form; he was wearing white clothing and his form had been completed. He was walking on a green land. I asked him (in the dream): ‘Aboo Qilaabah, by what did you attain what I am seeing?’ He replied: ‘My Lord admitted me into Paradise and it was said to me therein: “Peace be upon you for what you patiently endured. And excellent is the final home.” [Soorah Ar-Ra’d: 24]

The story was slightly adapted from As-Siyar al-A’laam an-Nubalaa of Imam Adh-Dhahabee – may Allaah shower blessings on him.

Source: Tremendous Benefits, pp. 27-32, published by Dakwah Corner Bookstore. Transl. by Abdus-Samee Abdus-Salaam.

Wednesday, 19 January 2022

Aayaat That Will Give You Tranquility Whenever You are Disturbed and Worried

 Imaam Ibn Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) wrote:

Allah the most High mentioned tranquility in His book in six places:

First: His saying: “And their Prophet (Samuel) said to them: Verily! The sign of His Kingdom is that there shall come to you At-Taaboot (a wooden box), wherein is Sakeenah (peace and reassurance) from your Lord.” [Soorah al-Baqarah: 248).

Second: His saying: “Then Allâh did send down His Sakeenah (calmness, tranquility and reassurance, etc.) on the Messenger (Muhammad) and on the believers [Soorah At-Tawbah: 26].

Third: His saying: “And he said to his companion (Abu Bakr): ‘Be not sad (or afraid), surely Allâh is with us." Then Allah sent down His Sakeenah (calmness, tranquility, peace, etc.) upon him, and strengthened him with forces (angels) which you saw not.” [Soorah At-Tawbah: 40]

Fourth: His saying: “He it is Who sent down As-Sakeenah (calmness and tranquility) into the hearts of the believers, that they may grow more in Faith along with their (present) Faith. And to Allâh belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth, and Allâh is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.” [Soorah Al-Fath: 4]

Fifth: His saying: “Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they gave the pledge to you (O Muhammad) under the tree: He knew what was in the breast, and He sent down As-Sakeenah (calmness and tranquility) upon them, and He rewarded them with a near victory.” [Soorah Al-Fath: 18]

Sixth: And His saying: “When those who disbelieve had put in their hearts pride and haughtiness –the pride and haughtiness of the time of ignorance, -- and Allah sent down His As-Sakeenah (calmness and tranquility) upon His messenger and upon the believers.” [Soorah Al-Fath: 26]

Whenever issues become difficult for Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him), he used to recite the verses of Sakeenah (calmness and tranquility). Once I heard him saying that about the great incidence that befell him during his illness, the intellects could not bear to wage war against the evil spirits that appeared to him when he was in a state of weakness.

He said: “When things became difficult for me, I said to my relatives and those around me: Read the verses of calmness and tranquility.” Then he continued: “Then I was relieved of that condition and I sat down with no ailment in me that I was afraid of.” I [Ibn Qayyim] have also tried reciting these verses at times of anxiety and I noticed that it has a pronounced effect in calming and reassuring the heart.

Source: Madaarij as-Saalikeen, vol. 2 p. 405 by Imaam Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah; Daar al-Hadeeth edition. Transl. by Abdus-Samee’ Abdus-Salaam.

 

Monday, 17 January 2022

Do Not Acquire Knowledge For Mutual Rivalry

 

Imaam Ibn Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

Allaah said: “Competition in [worldly] increase diverts you until you visit the graveyards. No! You are going to know. Then no! You are going to know.”  [Soorah At-Takaathur: 1-4]. There is mutual rivalry in everything. So whoever is distracted by mutual rivalry for any worldly thing and becomes diverted from Allah and the abode of the Hereafter is included in the ruling of this verse.  There are some among the people that mutual rivalry for wealth diverts from their [Lord].

However, for some others; mutual rivalry for status or knowledge diverts them. So, they combine between mutual rivalry for knowledge and pride. This person is the worst in condition before Allaah than the one who is distracted by mutual rivalry for wealth and status. This is because the former employed the means of the Hereafter for the world while the companion of wealth and status employed the means of the world for it and does mutual rivalry with its means.

Source: ‘Uddah as-Saabireen wa Dhakheerah ash-Shaakireen, by Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah; translated by Abdus-Samee Abdus-Salaam.

Tuesday, 4 January 2022

Beware of All Forms of Oppression

 

Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan (may Allaah preserve him) said:

Linguistically, the word zulm (oppression) means putting something in improper place, and it is of three types:

The First Type: The first is zulm between the slave and his Lord; and this is done by committing shirk, and Allaah will not forgive it. The Most High said:

إِنَّ الشِّرْكَ لَظُلْمٌ عَظِيمٌ

“Verily! Joining others in worship with Allaah is a great Zulm (wrong) indeed.” [Soorah Luqmaan: 13] . Allaah the most High also said:

الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ

“It is those who believe (in the Oneness of Allâh and worship none but Him Alone) and confuse not their belief with Zulm (wrong i.e. by worshipping others besides Allâh)…” [Soorah al-An’aam: 82] meaning shirk. Allaah will not forgive this except with repentance.

The Second Type: The second type is zulm between the slave and himself, and this is done by committing sins and evil deeds. He is the one who wronged himself with regard to what is less than shirk. Allaah – blessed and exalted be He – will forgive whomsoever He wishes of this sin. Allaah said:

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ

 “Verily, Allaah forgives not that partners should be set up with him in worship, but He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He pleases…” [Soorah An-Nisaa’: 48]

The Third Type: The third type is oppression between a person and the people by transgressing against them concerning their property, honour and blood. Allaah will not forgive such a person unless the oppressed ones pardon him, otherwise the oppressed must retaliate upon the oppressor [on the Day of Resurrection], because the right of the creature cannot be waived except through forgiveness or fulfillment.

Allaah the Most High has restrained oppression from Himself because it does not befit Him – blessed and exalted be He -. He will not punish anyone without his action and He will never punish anyone except based on what he has done. This is justice. But if He were to punish him for something he did not do, this would be oppression; and Allaah is free from it based on His saying: “I have restrained oppression from Myself…”

Al-Minhatur-Rabbaniyyah fee Sharh al-Arba’een an-Nawawiyyah, p. 196 by Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan. Translated by Abdus-Samee Abdus-Salaam